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== Integral Forms & Antiderivatives == | == Integral Forms & Antiderivatives == | ||
=== Basic Forms === | |||
=== Basic Forms: === | |||
# <math>\int u \, dv = uv - \int v \, du</math><br> | # <math>\int u \, dv = uv - \int v \, du</math><br> | ||
# <math>\int u^n \, du = \frac{u^{n+1}}{n+1} + C, \quad (n \neq -1)</math><br> | # <math>\int u^n \, du = \frac{u^{n+1}}{n+1} + C, \quad (n \neq -1)</math><br> | ||
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# <math>\int \frac{du}{u^2 - a^2} = \frac{1}{2a} \ln \left| \frac{u-a}{u+a} \right| + C</math><br> | # <math>\int \frac{du}{u^2 - a^2} = \frac{1}{2a} \ln \left| \frac{u-a}{u+a} \right| + C</math><br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
=== Forms Involving: <math>\sqrt{a^2 + u^2},\ a > 0</math> === | |||
# <math>\int \sqrt{a^2 + u^2}\, du = \frac{u}{2}\sqrt{a^2 + u^2} + \frac{a^2}{2}\ln(u + \sqrt{a^2 + u^2}) + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int u^2\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}\, du = \frac{u}{8}(a^2 + 2u^2)\sqrt{a^2 + u^2} - \frac{a^4}{8}\ln(u + \sqrt{a^2 + u^2}) + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}}{u}\, du = \sqrt{a^2 + u^2} - a\ln\left|\frac{a + \sqrt{a^2 + u^2}}{u}\right| + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}}{u^2}\, du = -\frac{\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}}{u} + \ln(u + \sqrt{a^2 + u^2}) + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}} = \ln(u + \sqrt{a^2 + u^2}) + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u^2\, du}{\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}} = \frac{u}{2}\sqrt{a^2 + u^2} - \frac{a^2}{2}\ln(u + \sqrt{a^2 + u^2}) + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}} = -\frac{1}{a}\ln\left|\frac{\sqrt{a^2 + u^2} + a}{u}\right| + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u^2\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}} = -\frac{\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}}{a^2 u} + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{(a^2 + u^2)^{3/2}} = \frac{u}{a^2\sqrt{a^2 + u^2}} + C</math><br> | |||
<br> | |||
=== Forms Involving: <math>\sqrt{a^2 - u^2},\ a > 0</math> === | |||
# <math>\int \sqrt{a^2 - u^2}\, du = \frac{u}{2}\sqrt{a^2 - u^2} + \frac{a^2}{2}\sin^{-1}\frac{u}{a} + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int u^2\sqrt{a^2 - u^2}\, du = \frac{u}{8}(2u^2 - a^2)\sqrt{a^2 - u^2} + \frac{a^4}{8}\sin^{-1}\frac{u}{a} + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{\sqrt{a^2 - u^2}}{u}\, du = \sqrt{a^2 - u^2} - a\ln\left|\frac{a + \sqrt{a^2 - u^2}}{u}\right| + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{\sqrt{a^2 - u^2}}{u^2}\, du = -\frac{1}{u}\sqrt{a^2 - u^2} - \sin^{-1}\frac{u}{a} + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u^2\, du}{\sqrt{a^2 - u^2}} = -\frac{u}{2}\sqrt{a^2 - u^2} + \frac{a^2}{2}\sin^{-1}\frac{u}{a} + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u\sqrt{a^2 - u^2}} = -\frac{1}{a}\ln\left|\frac{a + \sqrt{a^2 - u^2}}{u}\right| + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u^2\sqrt{a^2 - u^2}} = -\frac{1}{a^2 u}\sqrt{a^2 - u^2} + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int (a^2 - u^2)^{3/2}\, du = -\frac{u}{8}(2u^2 - 5a^2)\sqrt{a^2 - u^2} + \frac{3a^4}{8}\sin^{-1}\frac{u}{a} + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{(a^2 - u^2)^{3/2}} = \frac{u}{a^2\sqrt{a^2 - u^2}} + C</math><br> | |||
<br> | |||
=== Forms Involving: <math>\sqrt{u^2 - a^2},\ a > 0</math> === | |||
# <math>\int \sqrt{u^2 - a^2}\, du = \frac{u}{2}\sqrt{u^2 - a^2} - \frac{a^2}{2}\ln\left|u + \sqrt{u^2 - a^2}\right| + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int u^2\sqrt{u^2 - a^2}\, du = \frac{u}{8}(2u^2 - a^2)\sqrt{u^2 - a^2} - \frac{a^4}{8}\ln\left|u + \sqrt{u^2 - a^2}\right| + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{\sqrt{u^2 - a^2}}{u}\, du = \sqrt{u^2 - a^2} - a\cos^{-1}\frac{a}{|u|} + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{\sqrt{u^2 - a^2}}{u^2}\, du = -\frac{\sqrt{u^2 - a^2}}{u} + \ln\left|u + \sqrt{u^2 - a^2}\right| + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{\sqrt{u^2 - a^2}} = \ln\left|u + \sqrt{u^2 - a^2}\right| + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u^2\, du}{\sqrt{u^2 - a^2}} = \frac{u}{2}\sqrt{u^2 - a^2} + \frac{a^2}{2}\ln\left|u + \sqrt{u^2 - a^2}\right| + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u^2\sqrt{u^2 - a^2}} = \frac{\sqrt{u^2 - a^2}}{a^2 u} + C</math><br> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{(u^2 - a^2)^{3/2}} = -\frac{u}{a^2\sqrt{u^2 - a^2}} + C</math><br> | |||
<br> | |||
=== Forms Involving: <math>a + bu</math> === | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u\, du}{a + bu} = \frac{1}{b^2}(a + bu - a\ln|a + bu|) + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u^2\, du}{a + bu} = \frac{1}{2b^3}\left[(a + bu)^2 - 4a(a + bu) + 2a^2\ln|a + bu|\right] + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u(a + bu)} = \frac{1}{a}\ln\left|\frac{u}{a + bu}\right| + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u^2(a + bu)} = -\frac{1}{au} + \frac{b}{a^2}\ln\left|\frac{a + bu}{u}\right| + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u\, du}{(a + bu)^2} = \frac{a}{b^2(a + bu)} + \frac{1}{b^2}\ln|a + bu| + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u(a + bu)^2} = \frac{1}{a(a + bu)} - \frac{1}{a^2}\ln\left|\frac{a + bu}{u}\right| + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u^2\, du}{(a + bu)^2} = \frac{1}{b^3}\left(a + bu - \frac{a^2}{a + bu} - 2a\ln|a + bu|\right) + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int u\sqrt{a + bu}\, du = \frac{2}{15b^2}(3bu - 2a)(a + bu)^{3/2} + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u\, du}{\sqrt{a + bu}} = \frac{2}{3b^2}(bu - 2a)\sqrt{a + bu} + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u^2\, du}{\sqrt{a + bu}} = \frac{2}{15b^3}(8a^2 + 3b^2u^2 - 4abu)\sqrt{a + bu} + C</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u\sqrt{a + bu}} = \begin{cases} \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\ln\left|\dfrac{\sqrt{a + bu} - \sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a + bu} + \sqrt{a}}\right| + C & \text{if } a > 0 \\[6pt] \dfrac{2}{\sqrt{-a}}\tan^{-1}\sqrt{\dfrac{a + bu}{-a}} + C & \text{if } a < 0 \end{cases}</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{\sqrt{a + bu}}{u}\, du = 2\sqrt{a + bu} + a\int \frac{du}{u\sqrt{a + bu}}</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{\sqrt{a + bu}}{u^2}\, du = -\frac{\sqrt{a + bu}}{u} + \frac{b}{2}\int \frac{du}{u\sqrt{a + bu}}</math> | |||
# <math>\int u^n\sqrt{a + bu}\, du = \frac{2}{b(2n + 3)}\left[u^n(a + bu)^{3/2} - na\int u^{n-1}\sqrt{a + bu}\, du\right]</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{u^n\, du}{\sqrt{a + bu}} = \frac{2u^n\sqrt{a + bu}}{b(2n + 1)} - \frac{2na}{b(2n + 1)}\int \frac{u^{n-1}\, du}{\sqrt{a + bu}}</math> | |||
# <math>\int \frac{du}{u^n\sqrt{a + bu}} = -\frac{\sqrt{a + bu}}{a(n-1)u^{n-1}} - \frac{b(2n-3)}{2a(n-1)}\int \frac{du}{u^{n-1}\sqrt{a + bu}}</math> | |||
<br> | |||
== To Do == | == To Do == | ||
*Antiderivative DB search system. | *Antiderivative DB search system. | ||
*Find a use for the white-space on the right of the page. | *Find a use for the white-space on the right of the page. | ||
*Integral Isolating System for easy reference/copying. | |||
Revision as of 15:45, 24 May 2026
Integral Forms & Antiderivatives
Basic Forms:
Forms Involving:
Forms Involving:
Forms Involving:
Forms Involving:
To Do
- Antiderivative DB search system.
- Find a use for the white-space on the right of the page.
- Integral Isolating System for easy reference/copying.